How do ACE inhibitors support heart failure management?

ACE inhibitors play a crucial role in managing heart failure primarily by decreasing blood pressure and reducing fluid retention. They achieve this by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme, which is responsible for converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor that can increase blood pressure and promote the retention of sodium and water in the kidneys, leading to fluid overload.

By blocking the formation of angiotensin II, ACE inhibitors lead to vasodilation, which reduces peripheral vascular resistance. This decrease in systemic vascular resistance helps lower blood pressure, making it easier for the heart to pump blood. Additionally, the reduction in fluid retention alleviates the burden on the heart by decreasing venous return and reducing both preload and afterload. This collectively improves symptoms of heart failure, such as edema and shortness of breath, while also enhancing exercise tolerance and overall quality of life for patients with this condition.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the actions of ACE inhibitors or their effects on heart failure; hence, option B stands out as the most relevant and accurate.