What is a common adverse effect of statins?

Muscle pain or myopathy is a well-documented common adverse effect associated with the use of statins, which are medications primarily prescribed to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Statins work by inhibiting an enzyme involved in the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver, which can also affect muscle metabolism.

The mechanism behind the muscle-related side effects may involve mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to an accumulation of toxic metabolites, or an autoimmune response that causes inflammation of the muscle tissue. Symptoms can range from mild discomfort to severe muscle inflammation (myositis) or even rhabdomyolysis, a serious condition that can lead to kidney damage.

While headaches, dizziness, and nausea are potential side effects of medications in general, they are not as specifically associated with statins as muscle pain or myopathy. Understanding the potential for muscle-related complications is crucial for healthcare providers and patients, as it enables appropriate monitoring and management of these effects during statin therapy.