What is a key characteristic of a hypotonic IV solution?

A hypotonic IV solution is defined by its lower concentration of solutes compared to the blood. This characteristic plays a crucial role in fluid movement across cell membranes due to the principles of osmosis. When a hypotonic solution is administered, it causes water to move from the IV solution into the bloodstream where the concentration of solutes is higher. As a result, this influx of water leads to swelling of the red blood cells or other cells in the body, rather than causing them to shrink.

This concept is highly important in clinical settings, as hypotonic solutions can be used to help hydrate cells or when addressing certain medical conditions like dehydration, where cells may be in a hyperosmotic state relative to their environment. Understanding the concentration gradients between IV solutions and the body’s fluids is essential for proper medical management and patient care.