What vital sign change would warrant concern in a client receiving TPN?

Monitoring vital signs in a client receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is essential due to the potential for rapid changes in metabolic status and fluid balance. A temperature spike may indicate an underlying infection or sepsis, which can be a significant risk for patients on TPN since they are often immunocompromised or have central venous catheters inserted for nutrient delivery.

An increased heart rate might also suggest a response to various conditions, such as dehydration, infection, or pain, but it is not as directly indicative of a serious concern compared to fever. Changes in respiratory rate can reflect metabolic or respiratory distress; however, a decreased respiratory rate could indicate an unrelated issue. Low blood pressure could also be a concern but might not have the immediate urgency as a temperature spike that suggests infection.

Therefore, a spike in temperature while receiving TPN raises immediate red flags for potential complications, highlighting the need for further evaluation and possible intervention.