Which medications are classified as H2 receptor antagonists for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

H2 receptor antagonists are a class of medications specifically designed to reduce gastric acid secretion by blocking histamine H2 receptors found in the stomach's parietal cells. This mechanism of action is particularly beneficial in treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), as it helps alleviate symptoms and promotes healing of the esophagus lining.

Famotidine and Ranitidine are both well-known examples of H2 receptor antagonists. Famotidine works by competitively inhibiting the H2 receptors, consequently decreasing the volume and concentration of gastric acid released. Ranitidine functions similarly, providing relief from acid-related conditions by blocking the action of histamine at these receptors. Both medications are effective in reducing symptoms of GERD, such as heartburn and regurgitation, and are commonly prescribed for this purpose.

The other options include medications that do not belong to the H2 receptor antagonist category and are used for different therapeutic indications. For example, Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent that enhances gastrointestinal motility, while Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that irreversibly inhibits the enzyme responsible for acid production. Lansoprazole is also a PPI and does not fit into the H2 antagonist class